Chief Tommy Thompson: The Last Salmon Chief of Celilo Falls
Honoring the Last Salmon Chief of the Columbia River
Chief Tommy Kuni Thompson, a revered leader of the Wyam people, served as the salmon chief of Celilo Village for over eight decades. Born along the Columbia River in the mid-19th century, Thompson dedicated his life to preserving Indigenous fishing rights and cultural traditions at Celilo Falls—a vital fishing and trading hub for Native communities for thousands of years.
Early Life and Leadership
Thompson assumed the role of salmon chief around 1900, following the death of his uncle, Chief Stocketly. As salmon chief, or láwat, he oversaw the annual first-salmon ceremony, regulated fishing seasons, and enforced spiritual practices integral to the Waashat religion. His leadership ensured the sustainable harvest of salmon, a cornerstone of the Wyam’s diet and culture.
Guardian of Celilo Falls
Celilo Falls, known as Wyam in the Sahaptin language, was more than a fishing site—it was a sacred place where tribes gathered to fish, trade, and hold ceremonies. Thompson staunchly defended this site against external threats. He opposed the construction of The Dalles Dam, which ultimately submerged Celilo Falls in 1957, displacing communities and disrupting traditional fishing practices.
Legacy and Final Years
Even in his later years, Thompson remained a vocal advocate for his people. At the age of 102, he attended the final Feast of the First Salmon at Celilo Village, offering a poignant farewell to the falls. He passed away in 1959, two years after the inundation of Celilo Falls. His unwavering commitment to his community and cultural heritage continues to inspire future generations.
Honoring Chief Thompson
Chief Tommy Thompson’s life exemplifies resilience and dedication to cultural preservation. His efforts ensured that the traditions and rights of the Wyam people remained recognized and respected. Today, his legacy lives on through the continued advocacy for Indigenous rights and the remembrance of Celilo Falls’ significance.
